Anxiety

Anxiety can be useful in crises. When worry becomes constant and excessive, it can be disabling.

• Anxiety is apprehension about the future with avoidance and muscle tension
• Fear is a reaction to a risk that is imminent whereas anxiety to a risk that is coming.
• Too much anxiety and fear may cause avoidance and distress which impact on work, school and relationships.

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Anxiety or fear must hinder daily functioning and be out of proportion to the trigger. Types include:

• Generalised Anxiety Disorder where worry is constant and symptomatic of restlessness, difficulty in sleep, lack of concentration, on edge, fatigue, and tension in the muscles.
• Phobia characterized by excessive persistent fear of certain things or circumstances and avoidance.
• Panic Disorder and repeated panic attacks.

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Signs of Panic Attacks
• Palpitations
• Feeling of choking
• Trembling or shaking

• Chest pain
• Dizziness or light headedness
• Numbness or tingling
• Chills or hot flushes
• Nausea or stomach pain
• Fear of dying
• Loss of control
• Feeling detached
Panic attacks may feel like having a heart attack and may occur with depression or PTSD

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Distress caused due to being apart from an attached figure beyond a certain expected age that may last for four weeks in children and six months in adults

• Fear of losing the attachment figure
• Refusal to go places without them
• Refusal to eat or sleep without them

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Therapy can fully manage anxiety. Medication may ease some symptoms but therapy addresses causes.

• CBT and REBT work on cognitive distortions
• Learn tools to change how you think, feel and behave
• Focus on what is within your control
• Build long term strategies for relief

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Identify automatic negative thoughts and triggers

• Expand coping abilities
• Gain tools to tolerate and heal from distress
• Manage physical symptoms and panic
• Counter fear and avoidance in phobias with gradual exposure
• Progress step by step with a layered process

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